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l l E. G. GHARAGEAT..

UMBRELLA RUNNER.

No. 2952,51. Patented Mar. 1,8,-1884.

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UMBRELLA-RUNNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,351, dated March 18, 1884.

Application filed August Q0, i893. (No model.) Patented in France July 2D, 1R83, No. 144 2.22; in Belgium July Qi, 1853, No. 62,165; in England July 3l, 18:3, No. 3,725?, in Germany August 2, 11:83, No. 7,037, and in Italy August 6, lec, No. Q59.

various defects, oi' which I may point out the following: First, the umbrellas are by far too heavy; second, they are too large sized, and, third, their Working leaves much to desire. These drawbacks, which have up to the present time disappointed the many endeavors made to improve umbrellas, prevented the same from being more generally broughtinto circulation. New, I succeeded in avoiding such disadvantages and manufacturing umbrellas which, while being very strong indeed,

`are of a most elegant appearance, sufficient lightness, and aperfect regularity of Working. The following is a full specilication of my aforesaid invention with reference to the accompanyin g drawings.

Figure l represents an elevation of an umbrella arranged according to my invention when open. Fig. 2 shows the same when shut. Fig. 3 is va vertical section of the telescopic tube of the slide or runner. Fig. 4 is a plan view thereof; Fig. 5, vertical section ofthe tube b, detached; Fig. 6, a top View, and Fig. 7 a cross-section through line A B of Fig. 5. F ig. S is a section of .the slide or runner inclosing the said telescopic tube, illustrating the inner arrangement of these two part-s of the peculiar lriving-'spring,whch will be hereinafter described. Fi g. 9 is a partially-sectional elevation of an open umbrella in fullsize. The broken lines indicate the intermediate positions oi' saine, so that its Working may be fully understood. Fig. IO is an elevation oi' the nose of the spring, arranged 'with an inclined plane, in combination with a trimming boss or stud of a peculiar shape, which I will describe i'a-rther on.

Into the outer tube, a, of the slide or runner is inserted a movable tube, b, similar to the whole stock, as this would make the working defective andi might, in fact, cause the breaking of forks li. Runner c engages with suitable hooks on the ends of drawing or stretching wires g, made of tempered steel or any other very hard metal, which, by their opposite ends (by means of hooks likewise) are connected vwith said forks It, having to this effect convenient holes perforated in the center of their Width. Forks lz. are in their turn connected on one side with the branches t' of the umbrella, and on the other side with the nut of the telescopic tube b. Branches t' receive at aboutthe middle of theirlength, Fig. 9, small trimming-studs 7 It, serving as connecting-points for forks lz., which at their junction carry springs Z, ending in a nose, a, Fig. 10, on an inclined plane, which acts upon boss y of stud 7a, arranged round the center of the junction. Studs It and springs Z are iiXed in their positions by means of suitable hooks or clasps forming parts thereof and entering corresponding slots on bran ches i and forks z.. This combination of springs l and studs k has the double eii'ect of shutting (and keeping shut) the umbrella, and of facilitating the start or iirst operation to open the saine, thus providing in both cases for an immediate and perfectly sure action. lWhen the umbrella is required to open, it will sufice to push forward the cap e of runner u by about one-third of an inch with the thumb of the same hand that holds the umbrella. Springs Z, which keep the umbrella shut, will then no longer act upon branches t', and the helical spring c, automatically eX- panding with the required force, will push up again both the drawingavires g and the forks h, which will draw along with them branches i, carrying the stuff. The uut of tube b will now bear against an abutment, m, arranged to limit its upward motion along handle n.

In the specimen shown, Fig. 9, handle a is represented in the shape of a hollow rod of steel or iron; but it is obvious that as the Working organ of this device is placed outside the handle, the latter may be as well made of wood and solid, or assume any desired shape. It is clear, too, that its thickness may be varied at will, provided that the diameter1 of the slide or runner be modified accordingly. Then the Aumbrella is to be shut up, the cap ofrun'- Aner a is to be drawn so as to bring the latter along with them branches i., and by pressing upon the nut of tube b force down the helical spring c. Vhen the runner and the whole oi" the device have accomplished a certain stroke backward, springs Z resume their action, and the nose on the inclined plane presses on bosses or studs k, and enters into a notch provided in said bosses. rIhen the umbrella will not open unless the cap of runner a is pushed again, as aforesaid, and the clasping is thus absolute.

It will be seen that the use of springs Z and studs k involves the suppression of any spring, catch, or slot in the handle, and also allows to dispense with the cups or other shutting n means now in use.

I moreover reserve to myself to vary the shapes, materials, size, and arrangement of all organs or constituting parts 'of my said improved umbrella, opening and shutting automat-ically.

Having thus fully described my invention and the means of carrying the same into effect, what I claim. is

l. The combination ofthe two tubes a b, telescopically arranged tov form the runner, the flat-wire helical spring c in said runner, and connections h and g, respectively, from said tubes to the branches or ribs, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the two tubes a b, telescopically arranged to form the runner, the rlat-wire helical spring c in said runner, and Yconnections h and g, respectively, from said ltubes to the branches or ribs, one ofsaid tubes constructed with grooves, and the other provided with corresponding pins, f, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination of the s pring Z, constructed with the inclined nose x, the braceor connection h, boss y, and stud lo, all substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereofl I have signed my nam e 'to this specification before two subscribing witnesses.

` E. o. oHAEAGEA'r. Vifitnesses:

DAVID T. S. FULLER, ALBERT COHEN. 

